Grafana是在互联网架构和应用分析中最流行的时序数据可视化工具,并且也在工业监控、气象监控、家居自动化和过程管理等领域有着广泛的应用。
我们可以访问Grafana官方网站的下载地址https://grafana.com/grafana/download,上面详细介绍了各种操作系统下Grafana的安装步骤。根据自己的系统版本和配置,下载对应的安装包进行安装。以Centos为例,具体的下载与安装命令如下:
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 | [root@emr-header-1 ~]# wget https://dl.grafana.com/oss/release/grafana-6.5.2-1.x86_64.rpm --2020-01-14 17:58:35--  https://dl.grafana.com/oss/release/grafana-6.5.2-1.x86_64.rpm Resolving dl.grafana.com (dl.grafana.com)... 151.101.26.217, 2a04:4e42:2e::729 Connecting to dl.grafana.com (dl.grafana.com)|151.101.26.217|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 60813768 (58M) [application/x-redhat-package-manager] Saving to: ‘grafana-6.5.2-1.x86_64.rpm’ 100%[===============================================================================================================================================================>] 60,813,768  9.02MB/s   in 7.5s    2020-01-14 17:58:44 (7.76 MB/s) - ‘grafana-6.5.2-1.x86_64.rpm’ saved [60813768/60813768] [root@emr-header-1 ~]# sudo yum localinstall grafana-6.5.2-1.x86_64.rpm Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Examining grafana-6.5.2-1.x86_64.rpm: grafana-6.5.2-1.x86_64 Marking grafana-6.5.2-1.x86_64.rpm to be installed Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package grafana.x86_64 0:6.5.2-1 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: urw-fonts for package: grafana-6.5.2-1.x86_64 base                                                                                                                                                                              | 3.6 kB  00:00:00      epel                                                                                                                                                                              | 5.3 kB  00:00:00      extras                                                                                                                                                                            | 2.9 kB  00:00:00      influxdb                                                                                                                                                                          | 2.5 kB  00:00:00      updates                                                                                                                                                                           | 2.9 kB  00:00:00      Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile --> Running transaction check ---> Package urw-base35-fonts.noarch 0:20170801-10.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: urw-base35-fonts-common = 20170801-10.el7 for package: urw-base35-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: urw-base35-z003-fonts for package: urw-base35-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: urw-base35-standard-symbols-ps-fonts for package: urw-base35-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: urw-base35-p052-fonts for package: urw-base35-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: urw-base35-nimbus-sans-fonts for package: urw-base35-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: urw-base35-nimbus-roman-fonts for package: urw-base35-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: urw-base35-nimbus-mono-ps-fonts for package: urw-base35-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: urw-base35-gothic-fonts for package: urw-base35-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: urw-base35-d050000l-fonts for package: urw-base35-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: urw-base35-c059-fonts for package: urw-base35-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: urw-base35-bookman-fonts for package: urw-base35-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch --> Running transaction check ---> Package urw-base35-bookman-fonts.noarch 0:20170801-10.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: xorg-x11-server-utils for package: urw-base35-bookman-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: xorg-x11-server-utils for package: urw-base35-bookman-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch ---> Package urw-base35-c059-fonts.noarch 0:20170801-10.el7 will be installed ---> Package urw-base35-d050000l-fonts.noarch 0:20170801-10.el7 will be installed ---> Package urw-base35-fonts-common.noarch 0:20170801-10.el7 will be installed ---> Package urw-base35-gothic-fonts.noarch 0:20170801-10.el7 will be installed ---> Package urw-base35-nimbus-mono-ps-fonts.noarch 0:20170801-10.el7 will be installed ---> Package urw-base35-nimbus-roman-fonts.noarch 0:20170801-10.el7 will be installed ---> Package urw-base35-nimbus-sans-fonts.noarch 0:20170801-10.el7 will be installed ---> Package urw-base35-p052-fonts.noarch 0:20170801-10.el7 will be installed ---> Package urw-base35-standard-symbols-ps-fonts.noarch 0:20170801-10.el7 will be installed ---> Package urw-base35-z003-fonts.noarch 0:20170801-10.el7 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package xorg-x11-server-utils.x86_64 0:7.7-20.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: libXxf86misc.so.1()(64bit) for package: xorg-x11-server-utils-7.7-20.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libXt.so.6()(64bit) for package: xorg-x11-server-utils-7.7-20.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libXrandr.so.2()(64bit) for package: xorg-x11-server-utils-7.7-20.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libXmuu.so.1()(64bit) for package: xorg-x11-server-utils-7.7-20.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libXmu.so.6()(64bit) for package: xorg-x11-server-utils-7.7-20.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libXinerama.so.1()(64bit) for package: xorg-x11-server-utils-7.7-20.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libXcursor.so.1()(64bit) for package: xorg-x11-server-utils-7.7-20.el7.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package libXcursor.x86_64 0:1.1.15-1.el7 will be installed ---> Package libXinerama.x86_64 0:1.1.3-2.1.el7 will be installed ---> Package libXmu.x86_64 0:1.1.2-2.el7 will be installed ---> Package libXrandr.x86_64 0:1.5.1-2.el7 will be installed ---> Package libXt.x86_64 0:1.1.5-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package libXxf86misc.x86_64 0:1.0.3-7.1.el7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved =========================================================================================================================================================================================================  Package                                                         Arch                              Version                                      Repository                                          Size ========================================================================================================================================================================================================= Installing:  grafana                                                         x86_64                            6.5.2-1                                      /grafana-6.5.2-1.x86_64                            168 M Installing for dependencies:  libXcursor                                                      x86_64                            1.1.15-1.el7                                 base                                                30 k  libXinerama                                                     x86_64                            1.1.3-2.1.el7                                base                                                14 k  libXmu                                                          x86_64                            1.1.2-2.el7                                  base                                                71 k  libXrandr                                                       x86_64                            1.5.1-2.el7                                  base                                                27 k  libXt                                                           x86_64                            1.1.5-3.el7                                  base                                               173 k  libXxf86misc                                                    x86_64                            1.0.3-7.1.el7                                base                                                19 k  urw-base35-bookman-fonts                                        noarch                            20170801-10.el7                              base                                               852 k  urw-base35-c059-fonts                                           noarch                            20170801-10.el7                              base                                               879 k  urw-base35-d050000l-fonts                                       noarch                            20170801-10.el7                              base                                                75 k  urw-base35-fonts                                                noarch                            20170801-10.el7                              base                                               7.6 k  urw-base35-fonts-common                                         noarch                            20170801-10.el7                              base                                                19 k  urw-base35-gothic-fonts                                         noarch                            20170801-10.el7                              base                                               650 k  urw-base35-nimbus-mono-ps-fonts                                 noarch                            20170801-10.el7                              base                                               796 k  urw-base35-nimbus-roman-fonts                                   noarch                            20170801-10.el7                              base                                               860 k  urw-base35-nimbus-sans-fonts                                    noarch                            20170801-10.el7                              base                                               1.3 M  urw-base35-p052-fonts                                           noarch                            20170801-10.el7                              base                                               978 k  urw-base35-standard-symbols-ps-fonts                            noarch                            20170801-10.el7                              base                                                40 k  urw-base35-z003-fonts                                           noarch                            20170801-10.el7                              base                                               275 k  xorg-x11-server-utils                                           x86_64                            7.7-20.el7                                   base                                               178 k Transaction Summary ========================================================================================================================================================================================================= Install  1 Package (+19 Dependent packages) Total size: 175 M Total download size: 7.1 M Installed size: 180 M Is this ok [y/d/N]: y Downloading packages: (1/19): libXcursor-1.1.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                        |  30 kB  00:00:00      (2/19): libXinerama-1.1.3-2.1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                      |  14 kB  00:00:00      (3/19): libXrandr-1.5.1-2.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                          |  27 kB  00:00:00      (4/19): libXmu-1.1.2-2.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                             |  71 kB  00:00:00      (5/19): libXxf86misc-1.0.3-7.1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                     |  19 kB  00:00:00      (6/19): urw-base35-bookman-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch.rpm                                                                                                                       | 852 kB  00:00:00      (7/19): libXt-1.1.5-3.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                              | 173 kB  00:00:00      (8/19): urw-base35-d050000l-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch.rpm                                                                                                                      |  75 kB  00:00:00      (9/19): urw-base35-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch.rpm                                                                                                                               | 7.6 kB  00:00:00      (10/19): urw-base35-fonts-common-20170801-10.el7.noarch.rpm                                                                                                                       |  19 kB  00:00:00      (11/19): urw-base35-c059-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch.rpm                                                                                                                         | 879 kB  00:00:00      (12/19): urw-base35-gothic-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch.rpm                                                                                                                       | 650 kB  00:00:00      (13/19): urw-base35-nimbus-roman-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch.rpm                                                                                                                 | 860 kB  00:00:00      (14/19): urw-base35-nimbus-mono-ps-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch.rpm                                                                                                               | 796 kB  00:00:00      (15/19): urw-base35-nimbus-sans-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch.rpm                                                                                                                  | 1.3 MB  00:00:00      (16/19): urw-base35-standard-symbols-ps-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch.rpm                                                                                                          |  40 kB  00:00:00      (17/19): urw-base35-z003-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch.rpm                                                                                                                         | 275 kB  00:00:00      (18/19): xorg-x11-server-utils-7.7-20.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                              | 178 kB  00:00:00      (19/19): urw-base35-p052-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch.rpm                                                                                                                         | 978 kB  00:00:00      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total                                                                                                                                                                     22 MB/s | 7.1 MB  00:00:00      Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction   Installing : urw-base35-fonts-common-20170801-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                       1/20    Installing : libXt-1.1.5-3.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                             2/20    Installing : libXmu-1.1.2-2.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                            3/20    Installing : libXxf86misc-1.0.3-7.1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                    4/20    Installing : libXrandr-1.5.1-2.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                         5/20    Installing : libXinerama-1.1.3-2.1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                     6/20    Installing : libXcursor-1.1.15-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                       7/20    Installing : xorg-x11-server-utils-7.7-20.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                              8/20    Installing : urw-base35-c059-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                         9/20    Installing : urw-base35-z003-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                        10/20    Installing : urw-base35-nimbus-mono-ps-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                              11/20    Installing : urw-base35-d050000l-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                    12/20    Installing : urw-base35-p052-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                        13/20    Installing : urw-base35-nimbus-roman-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                14/20    Installing : urw-base35-standard-symbols-ps-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                         15/20    Installing : urw-base35-bookman-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                     16/20    Installing : urw-base35-nimbus-sans-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                 17/20    Installing : urw-base35-gothic-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                      18/20    Installing : urw-base35-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                             19/20    Installing : grafana-6.5.2-1.x86_64                                                                                                                                                              20/20  ### NOT starting on installation, please execute the following statements to configure grafana to start automatically using systemd  sudo /bin/systemctl daemon-reload  sudo /bin/systemctl enable grafana-server.service ### You can start grafana-server by executing  sudo /bin/systemctl start grafana-server.service POSTTRANS: Running script   Verifying  : urw-base35-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                              1/20    Verifying  : libXmu-1.1.2-2.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                            2/20    Verifying  : urw-base35-c059-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                         3/20    Verifying  : libXcursor-1.1.15-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                       4/20    Verifying  : urw-base35-z003-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                         5/20    Verifying  : urw-base35-nimbus-mono-ps-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                               6/20    Verifying  : urw-base35-d050000l-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                     7/20    Verifying  : urw-base35-p052-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                         8/20    Verifying  : urw-base35-nimbus-roman-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                 9/20    Verifying  : libXinerama-1.1.3-2.1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                    10/20    Verifying  : urw-base35-standard-symbols-ps-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                         11/20    Verifying  : libXrandr-1.5.1-2.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                        12/20    Verifying  : urw-base35-bookman-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                     13/20    Verifying  : libXxf86misc-1.0.3-7.1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                   14/20    Verifying  : libXt-1.1.5-3.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                            15/20    Verifying  : xorg-x11-server-utils-7.7-20.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                             16/20    Verifying  : urw-base35-fonts-common-20170801-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                      17/20    Verifying  : grafana-6.5.2-1.x86_64                                                                                                                                                              18/20    Verifying  : urw-base35-nimbus-sans-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                 19/20    Verifying  : urw-base35-gothic-fonts-20170801-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                      20/20  Installed:   grafana.x86_64 0:6.5.2-1                                                                                                                                                                                Dependency Installed:   libXcursor.x86_64 0:1.1.15-1.el7                                  libXinerama.x86_64 0:1.1.3-2.1.el7                                     libXmu.x86_64 0:1.1.2-2.el7                                      libXrandr.x86_64 0:1.5.1-2.el7                                    libXt.x86_64 0:1.1.5-3.el7                                             libXxf86misc.x86_64 0:1.0.3-7.1.el7                              urw-base35-bookman-fonts.noarch 0:20170801-10.el7                 urw-base35-c059-fonts.noarch 0:20170801-10.el7                         urw-base35-d050000l-fonts.noarch 0:20170801-10.el7               urw-base35-fonts.noarch 0:20170801-10.el7                         urw-base35-fonts-common.noarch 0:20170801-10.el7                       urw-base35-gothic-fonts.noarch 0:20170801-10.el7                 urw-base35-nimbus-mono-ps-fonts.noarch 0:20170801-10.el7          urw-base35-nimbus-roman-fonts.noarch 0:20170801-10.el7                 urw-base35-nimbus-sans-fonts.noarch 0:20170801-10.el7            urw-base35-p052-fonts.noarch 0:20170801-10.el7                    urw-base35-standard-symbols-ps-fonts.noarch 0:20170801-10.el7          urw-base35-z003-fonts.noarch 0:20170801-10.el7                   xorg-x11-server-utils.x86_64 0:7.7-20.el7                         Complete! [root@emr-header-1 ~]# | 
配置文件默认位于/etc/grafana/grafana.ini,3000为Grafana的默认侦听端口。下载安装完成后,输入对应操作系统的启动命令来启动Grafana服务。以Centos为例:
| 1 2 | [root@emr-header-1 ~]# service grafana-server start Starting grafana-server (via systemctl):                   [  OK  ] | 
Grafana服务启动后,就可以通过浏览器访问了:

Grafana1
Grafana的默认管理员账号密码为admin/admin,首次登陆可根据您的需要修改管理员默认密码。
在主页点击Add data source,进入数据源设置界面,配置InfluxDB基本网络、权限、数据库等信息:

Grafana2
其中:
1)URL:填写InfluxDB的地址;
2)InfluxDB Details:填写将要访问的数据库、对应数据库的用户名及密码信息;
接下来,让我们新建一个Dashboard。Dashboard是Grafana可视化展示的重要组件,Grafana会根据好配置的查询规则向时序数据库查询数据并展示在Dashboard上。下面以Graph类型为例,配置一个Dashboard:

Grafana中新增Dashboard
(1)Data Source处选择配置好的Data Source;
(2)在FROM后方先写的两个值分别为RETENTION POLOCY与MEASUREMENT;
(3)WHERE后填写的是tag filter,可添加多个;
(4)SELECT后是field与聚合函数的查询条件,特别是如果配置了一个time的group by条件的话,需要在这里配置聚合函数。聚合函数的执行顺序是从左往右的;
(5)GROUP BY后填写的是group by条件,可以配置group by 时间或group by tag,也可以配置排序与limit;
(6)FORMAT AS配置的是显示方式,分为Time Series和Table;
(7)ALIAS BY后配置的是measurement或tag的别名;
(8)通过右上角的Add Query可以配置多个子查询;
(9)配置完成后点击页面上方的保存按钮保存;

Grafana中新增Dashboard
根据配置的查询,数据会即时显示在Graph中,根据查询规则的不同,展示效果也有所区别。除了默认的Graphic外还有多种显示方式:

Grafana中的几种展示方式
如果要修改已有的Dashboard,可以点击标题栏,然后选择Edit:

Grafana中修改Dashboard
转载时请保留出处,违法转载追究到底:进城务工人员小梅 » Centos 7.4上Grafana的安装及与InfluxDB搭配的简单使用
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进城务工人员小梅